Encyclopaedia on India

Introduction Goddess Kali occupies a central place in Tantrism, particularly in the tantric traditions of Kashmir and Bengal. Revered as one of the most powerful manifestations of Shakti, Kali is not merely a deity of destruction but the embodiment of cosmic energy, transformation, and ultimate reality. Her presence in tantric texts highlights her role as both the terrifying and liberating force that governs the dynamics of consciousness and existence. Kali in Kashmiri Tantrism In Kashmir, the great philosopher and tantric master Abhinavagupta gave prominence to Kali in his seminal work Tantraloka. Here, Kali is Described as Shakti Cakra , the wheel of energy symbolizing the evolution and dynamics of consciousness. She is portrayed as the pulsating force behind creation, preservation, and dissolution. Abhinavagupta’s vision places Kali at the heart of tantric philosophy, where she represents the inseparable union of energy and awareness. Kali in Bengal’s Tantric Traditions Ea...